Elastic-fluid turbine.



G. W. DAKE.

ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIUATION FILED mm. 22, 1906.

91 1,576. Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

2 BHEETSSHBBT 1. a? 5 WITNESSES.-

g; j i Quuvfi \J. ofit. gm www- A G. W. BAKE.

ELASTlG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED 111113.22, 1906 91 1,576. Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET! 04m wgw INVENTOR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES W. DAKE, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MIUHJGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE DAKE-AMERICAN STEAM TURBINE COMPANY, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN ELAS TIC-FLUID TURBINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

Application filed March 22, 1906. Serial No. 307,459.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES W. Dans, a citizen of the United States, residing at Grand Rapids, State of ltlichigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in elastic fluid turbines.

The object of this invention is to improve more particularly the formation and the arrangement of buckets and nozzles and guide passage blocks of such turbines.

Objects pertaining to details of con truction will appear in the detailed description to follow.

I accomplish the object of my invention by the devices and means described in the fol lowing specification.

The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in the clhims.

Portions of an elastic fluid turbine embodying the features of my invention are clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, in whichi Figure 1 is a transverse detail section through the casings, guide passage blocks, and buckets of my improved tu bine. The section through the guide blocks and buetet being taken on a. line corresponding to the irregular line T T of Figs. 3 and 6; Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view through the guide blocks and buckets, taken on a line corre sponding to the lines U U of Figs. 3 and (r; Fig. Sis a detail sectional view lengthwise of the guide blocks and buckets, taken on a curved plane corresponding to the line X X of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a similar longi tudinal sectional view and curved plane taken on a line Y Y of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a similar longitudinal sectional view taken on a line Z of Fig. 2; Fi 6 is a detail sectional view longitudina y through the guide block and buckets, the guide blocks only being shown in section, taken-on the irregular line S S of Fig. 2; Fig. 7 is a detail view of the outlineform of the bucket look ing at right anglesto the face of the same; Fig. 8 is a detail view of the form of the fluid reverseipassage in the ide block, the wall at one side of the poo et being 1ndi-' vcarted by the double lines. Fig. 9' is it than grammatic view showing the buckets and guide passages receiving at their sides and discharging at their ends, arranged in substantially square cross-section.

in the drawings sin'iilarreference numer als refer to similar parts throughout the several views. r

Referring to the numbered parts of the drawing, to the main casing 1 which contains supply chan'iher 4 with the passage .3 leading thereto, and passages 5 leading from the chamber to the passage 6 in the guide block which delivers nozzle 7, is secured the cover or head 2. This head 2 is provided with an annular chamber 12 into which the exits from the turbine deliver freely, and is connected to chambers surrounding the turbine, so that the saine shall be evenly heated and suitable exhaust passages lead therefrom to the outside.

In casing 1 and cover 2 are screw holes 20 and 21, to which the support for the bearings of the disk or wheel is connected, the same not being illustrated here, as not pertaining to this invention.

The guide block 18 is secured to the main casing A and contains at one side the nozzle passagei which connects to the passage 6 and delivers obliquely therefrom, this block also containing the recurved guide passage 11, the sameextending outwardly into a Tojcction at one side, the under side of w ich is a chord to the circle which embraces the buckets and steam passages, To the under side of this block 18 is secured the block 18 which forms the central core about which the elastic fluid circulates, and to the under side of this core portion 18 is secured a section 18 having a projection similar to the projecting portion of block 18 and syncmetrical thereto. The upper left hand rojecting portion is in the line of a chord o the circle embracing the course of the main pas through the guide block and buckets.

The turbine disk or wheel 13 is provided with bucket segments 14 and 15- on the opposite sides thereof, the outer walls of which are in the line of a continuation of the outer walls of the casing of the guide passage, and they are of such form as to complete the circle around the central core portion 18 that is, the outer bucket segment 14 fits with in the chord-like projecting surface of guide block 18, and the inner portion of bucket segment- 15 is conformed to fit into and em brace the outer surface of the guide block 18 to properly embrace the reverse passages 'l c inulzct wguwut zii'iformed to 1-inln w i 'l\ \|-lull i pr phm'y ot the disk 13, ba ting nliiiitliit'li, 1H lfl, which contact with ilit", uhuuldcw ti t'ornud near the ,wriplwry of Lllt iii it, t c mum: being bolted lltil l in: by t he lielll w ill. W

'lhifo of th but-lul and guidc pa anger is substantially the Uehape recul'ved t po, though the} d not completely reverse the iirrutiou of t lt flow of the fluid theretlirougluJiut owing; to the 1.:cculiar formm tirm -lt'll(t tlu' i-ifillf practically to the minimum :unount to secure the maximum effect of steam, without retarding action at their discharge ends.

The elastic fluid enters through the pas sage 6 in the guide block, passes down into the nozzle 7 thence it delivers into the bucket eubntantiao the union in 7 7 the direct line of the rotation of the wheel into the bucket, delivers at 8', exerts the full Fig.

force of its impact in the direction to socure the maximum result, is rccurvcd by the Jail of the bucket and discharged outwardly at 8 in substantially the direction of the dot-rd line (5400 Fig. 7) inuch less re curved. than N0; and from there passes ini niedizitrly into tho reverse guide passage 9, at. 9, and then doth-civil by the wall then of ind delivered from thence out in the (li' re-frtion of thc dotted line at 9" (see Fig. 8)

into the bucket l9, substantially the some :15 i

it was delivered into the nozzle in the bucket t the bucket 10 being; in substantially the sumo form as the bucket 8. From the buekut 10 thesame delivered into the reuurvcd guide nmqagc it, which is substantially the same form. as the recurved guide passage 9; from thence into the bucket tlmnro into the reverse passage 9, thence to the bucket 10, thence out at the exit. It, is obvious that this circuit of elastic fluid could be repeated indefinitely, but two circuits through the passages and buckets are: suflieicnt to utilize a great percentage of thc energy.

In Fig. 9 I have illustrated in diagram the buckcts and guide passages and nozzles, showing their arrangement; in square cross section, so that it will be readily understood what I mean when 1 state that said guide paseages and buckets receive at their sidcrs and discharge from their ends. This has the effect of conveniently changing the direction of tho steam or other elastic fluid from the guidc passages to the buckets through an angle of 90 no that by the of two room of buckets and two rows of guide pne- Pages the :etcazu or other elastic fluid is ro tut-turd to tne first row of buckets with u minimumrttnrdation due to the change of direction of the current. By this method in the direction indicated by l passes substantially in p the passages are not necessarily made com plctcly recurred, but as the steam or other claatic lluid rlclivers from the end of one pas; no or bucket; into the side of the next; :-ll("t7LLHllH;' bucket or pusoage it is not new (mi-try completely to rccurve tho buckets, and the discharge side can conscqunntly be made shorter than the receiving side, and in this way the retardation of the turbine is substantially avoided.

I desire to remark that, the details of this structure can be connidcraltily varied With-- out departing from myinvention, though I desire to claim the specific details as well as tho invention broadly. I

Having thus described my invention, what i I claim as new and desire to secure by Leti ters Patent is:

i l. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combinal tion of a casing 1, having the supply chainhers and past agcs loading therefrom, a guide 1 block 18 went-ed thereto, said guide block 1 containing nozzle passages 7 and recurved. l l l passages 11, and being; formed with a, pro jcction to one HltlQ, the inner side of which is sznbstantially in the hord of the circle of the circuit of thc lluid; a core portion 18 m urcd to said block 18, and a block 18 sccurcd to the inner porlion of the core block its, containing the recurred passages 9, a portion of tho same projecting and its outer 11 r'li'ace conforming to the chord. of the circle of the circuit of the fluid; and a turbine wheel 1 With bucket: segments Li and t5, secured thereto, containing the rccurvcd buckets l6 and it), respectively. the said segments being conformed to fill in the space between the rccurved passages of the guide blocks to complete the circuit for the fluid, (to-acting substantially as described for the pnrposc r-pccified.

in an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a suitable casing; a guide block so cured to the casing, having nozzle PELFStIfIQS formed therein, and rccurvcd guide passages thc'rein; a core block secured to the said nozzle and guide passage block, and a rccurved. guide passage block secured to the opposite Hiflfl of the said core block, the said guide passage blocks having projections substantially conforming to the chord of a circle on their rccurving sides to receive the elastic fluid from the buckets; u turbine wheel with recui-ved buckets of the Ushaped type on its periphery, conformed to till the vacant space between the said guide passages and cmbracing the core block, the same having their i receiving ends substantially on the chord of the circle of the circuit of the fluid, to renozzlcs and wmsnges, and delivering into thrsnd rocurved p li res of the guide 5 blocks, on. their projecting sides, co-acting aubstantial ly t5 deecriberil and for thc pur l pose specified.

ccive the direct action of steam from the Q 3. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a suitable casing; a guide block se cured to the casing, having nozzle passages formed therein and recurved guide passages therein; a core block secured to said nozzle and guide passage block; a recnrved guide passage block secured to the opposite side of said core block; a turbine Wheel with buckets on its periphery conformed to project into the vacant space between the said recurred guide passage and forn'iing substantially a continuous passage for the fluid around the central core, co-acting for the purpose specitied.

t. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a guide block with recurred passages and nozzles therein, the said passages and nozzles at their delivery end delivering substantially in the direction of the rotation of the wheel and in a plane parallel therewith; recurved buckets corrcsptniding to said buckets, discharging in a plane at substantially right angles to the plane of the wheel, into the succeeding series of recurved guide passages, to secure the maximum etiect in delivering the energy to the buckets of the wheel, as specified.

5. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combinzu tion of a turbine \vhcel with opposite-air ranged and oppositclyt'aeed bucket segments, containing buckets of the U-shaped, recurred type, the receiving sides of which buckets and bucket segments are in planes parallel with the plane of the disk, and the exit openings in planes at right angles to the plane of the disk, the direction of the inlets being substantially at an angle of 20 to the face of the disk, and the exits being substantially at an ai'lgle of 20 to the direction of the rotation; and intervening reeurved guide passages arranged between the said bucket segments and corresponding thereto, as specified.

6. In an elastic lluid turbine, the cotnbination of a turbine wheel with oppositely-arranged and oppositely-t'aced bucket segments, containing buckets of the U-shaped, rerurved typc, the receiving sides of which buckets and bucket segments are in planes at right angles to the plane o! the exit passages, the direction of the inlct and outlet passagcs bcin;' substantially at an angle of 20 to the direction of the rotation; and intervening rccurved guidc pa ;-:a;ycs arranged between the said buclu-t s gmcnls and corrcspomling thcrcto.

T. In an elastic lluid turbine, a turbine whccl provided with buckets of the re-curved U-shape type, the receiving ends of which are substantially in the plane of the rotation. varying therefrom at an acut! angle, and the dischar e end opening in a plane at an acute ange to the general direction of the receiving end, and substantially parallel to the direction of the plane of the wheel.

8. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a turbine wheel. with oppositely-arranged bucket segments thereon containing buckets of the U shaped recurved type; a guide passage and nozzle structure between the said buckets, consisting of an outer portion 18, a core portion 18, and an inner porlion in, detachably secured together, the re curved reversing )assages being formed on the arc of a circle in the contiguous surfaces of the said portions. for the purpose specified.

9. ln an elastic fluid turbine. buckets of U-shape recurved type and tluid reverse guide passa es of similar form, receiving the lluid at their sides and discharging it from their ends.

10. In an elastic tluid turbine, buckets of U-shape recurred type receiving fluid at their sides and discharging from their ends, passages that receive fluid at their sides and discharge at their ends to convey the fluid from one row of buckets to another row of buckets.

11. In an elastic fluid turbine. the combination of buckets of U-shapcd rccurvcd type and lluid reversing guide passages of similar form arranged to deliver an elastic lluid at their ends and rcccivc the samc at their idcs, whereby the tluid cutcrs the row of buckets at its side and discharges at its end into the side of the reversing passage, lhcnce from the end of the reversing passage into the side of the opposite row ol buckets, thence from the end of the opposite row of buckets into the sides of the reversing passages, thence from the l-nds of aid rcvci' ing passages into the sides of thc lll t named row of buckets, through the circuit a prcdcitl'llllllt'tl number of times, discharging from the said bu kcts at any prcdctcrmincll point, as specified.

in witncss whcrcot l havc hcrcunto sct my hand and seal in thc prcancc ol' two it ncs cs.

CHARLES W. DA Kl l.

'itncsscs: 

